You're planning a move abroad and need to know whether it makes financial sense. You've probably already found Numbeo — the world's largest crowdsourced cost-of-living database, with 12,000+ cities and continuously updated data. It's a solid starting point for raw price lookups. But here's the problem: Numbeo shows you what things cost, not what you'll actually keep. It doesn't calculate your net take-home pay after taxes — and for someone moving from, say, London to Lisbon, the tax difference alone can swing your disposable income by 20–30%. That's why we built ShouldIMove to do the full picture in a single step: cross-reference four independent cost-of-living sources (Numbeo, Expatistan, LivingCost, and our own SIM Price Index) into one bias-corrected composite index, validated against Eurostat data for EU cities, calculate your net salary after income taxes for 45+ countries, and show item-level prices — all in one comparison. No switching between tabs, no manual tax research. One step, multiple sources, real take-home numbers.
Table of Contents
- Why Look Beyond Numbeo?
- The Problem with Single-Source Data
- Feature Comparison Table
- ShouldIMove
- Numbeo
- Expatistan
- TheLivingCost.com
- The Economist Big Mac Index
- Mercer Cost of Living Survey
- When to Use Which Tool
- Frequently Asked Questions
Why Look Beyond Numbeo?
Numbeo works well for a specific task: getting a broad sense of what things cost in cities around the world, contributed by users who live there. It's an excellent database — we use it as one of four independent data sources in ShouldIMove's composite cost-of-living index, alongside Expatistan, LivingCost, and our own SIM Price Index. But depending on the decision you're making, you may need tools that complement Numbeo's strengths with capabilities it doesn't offer:
Numbeo shows average local salaries and has a basic salary comparison tool, but it does not calculate your net take-home pay after income taxes. Knowing that a Lisbon apartment costs €1,100/month is only useful if you know what you'll keep after Portuguese income tax — and that's the gap Numbeo leaves open. For someone moving from the US, UK, or Germany, the tax difference between destinations is often more impactful than the cost-of-living difference. (We break down the key factors in our guide to expat salary calculation factors.)
Any single data provider — no matter how popular — can have methodology gaps or coverage weaknesses in specific cities. Numbeo's Cost of Living Index tells you that Zurich is "40% more expensive" than Amsterdam, but that percentage reflects one provider's weighting methodology. Cross-referencing with Expatistan, LivingCost, and other sources reveals whether that figure holds up or is an outlier. In our analysis, using multiple sources catches discrepancies that any single source misses.
"What's cheaper, Prague or Lisbon?" is a different question from "Will I have more money left each month if I take this job in Berlin?" or "Which cities should my company benchmark for expat allowances?" No single tool answers all three well.
Numbeo is a strong starting point for raw price lookups, but for a complete relocation decision — one that factors in taxes, net salary, and cross-validated cost data — you need a tool that brings it all together. That's what ShouldIMove does.
The Problem with Single-Source Data
Here's a concrete example of why multi-source data matters. Take London vs. Berlin — a common comparison for tech workers considering a move (data captured March 2026):
| Source | London Index | Berlin Index | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Numbeo | 81.2 | 42.9 | London 89% more expensive |
| Expatistan | 92.0 | 46.3 | London 99% more expensive |
| LivingCost | 109.2 | 63.0 | London 73% more expensive |
| SIM Price Index | 80.4 | 47.5 | London 69% more expensive |
| ShouldIMove Composite | 86.5 | 46.7 | London 85% more expensive |
Four different sources give four different answers, ranging from 69% to 99%. If you relied solely on Expatistan, you'd think London is nearly double Berlin's cost. If you relied solely on LivingCost, you'd get a 73% gap.
ShouldIMove's composite index solves this by merging all available sources with bias correction — each source's systematic measurement offset is mathematically removed before averaging. The result — London being roughly 85% more expensive than Berlin — represents the consensus across the sources after harmonizing their different scales.
This isn't a theoretical exercise. These discrepancies appear across hundreds of city pairs and directly affect salary calculations, budget comparisons, and relocation decisions.
Feature Comparison Table
| Tool | Data Source | Salary + Tax | Free Tier | API | Last Updated |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ShouldIMove | Multi-source composite (4 sources, bias-corrected) + tax engines (45+ countries) | Yes | Yes | Paid | Continuous |
| Numbeo | Crowdsourced (12,000+ cities) | Partial* | Yes | Paid | Continuous |
| Expatistan | Crowdsourced (standardized basket, 2,000+ cities) | No | Yes | Paid | Continuous |
| TheLivingCost.com | Crowdsourced + editorial | No | Yes | No | Periodic |
| Big Mac Index | The Economist (proprietary) | No | Yes | No | Twice yearly |
| Mercer Survey | Mercer proprietary research | No | No (paid) | No | Annual |
*Numbeo shows average local salaries and has a basic salary calculator, but does not calculate tax-adjusted net pay for a specific individual's gross salary.
Data last verified: March 2026. City counts and features confirmed from each tool's live homepage.
ShouldIMove
Full disclosure: ShouldIMove is the platform that publishes this post. We built ShouldIMove because no existing tool answered the full relocation question: "What will I actually have left each month if I move?" That requires combining cost-of-living data from multiple sources, calculating net take-home pay after local taxes, and showing item-level prices — all in one place. No other tool on this list does all three.
What it does
ShouldIMove compares net take-home pay after taxes across 500+ cities worldwide, combined with multi-source cost-of-living data for each location. Enter your gross salary, select your home city and a target city, and you see:
- Estimated net salary in both locations (income tax + social contributions for 45+ countries)
- Monthly cost-of-living breakdown: housing, groceries, transport, utilities
- Item-level prices for 35 goods and services per city, cross-referenced from multiple sources
- Net disposable income comparison in a single view
- Which data sources contributed to the cost comparison and whether any outliers were excluded
A software developer in Berlin earning €80,000 gross takes home approximately €4,100/month after German income tax and social contributions. The same €80,000 gross in Portugal nets roughly €4,350/month (lower tax rates, though dependent on NHR/IFICI eligibility). But Lisbon's cost of living is about 18% lower than Berlin's across our composite index — so the combination of slightly higher net pay and significantly lower costs means roughly €800/month more disposable income. That's the kind of answer you get from ShouldIMove that no single-source cost tool provides: net salary difference plus cross-validated cost data in one view.
Data source and methodology
Instead of relying on a single cost-of-living provider, ShouldIMove builds a bias-corrected composite index from up to four independent sources:
| Source | Type | Coverage |
|---|---|---|
| Numbeo | Crowdsourced (12,000+ cities, 800K+ contributors) | 500+ cities |
| Expatistan | Crowdsourced (standardized basket, Prague=100) | 2,300+ cities |
| LivingCost | Crowdsourced + editorial review | 250+ cities |
| SIM Price Index | Our own dollar-weighted basket: real item prices (Expatistan + Numbeo) × monthly quantities + actual rent data, summed in USD and normalized to NYC=100 | 120+ cities |
| Eurostat (validation) | Official EU government statistics (price level indices) — used to validate composite results for EU cities, not as a direct composite source | EU countries |
The composite works through bias correction and statistical averaging: each source's systematic measurement offset is calculated and removed so they're comparable on the same scale. All sources are normalized to NYC=100, then averaged using a trimmed mean that drops any single source deviating more than 15% from the others. The SIM Price Index uses a dollar-weighted basket — actual item prices multiplied by monthly quantities for a single professional, plus real rent data — so that expensive categories like rent naturally carry more weight in the final number, just as they do in your real budget. Each comparison shows which sources contributed, so you can see the methodology behind every number.
Tax calculations are built in-house using published tax laws for 45+ countries, updated when rates change. You can read more about how the composite index and tax engines work on our methodology page.
Pricing
Free. No registration required for basic comparisons. A soft usage limit applies for anonymous users; creating a free account removes it. A paid API is available for developers and businesses that need programmatic access to cost-of-living, salary, and tax data.
Best for
Best for: Remote workers and expats with a specific salary who want to know exactly how much more (or less) they'll have in their bank account each month after moving — factoring in both taxes and cost of living, not just one or the other.
Limitations
- Multi-source coverage varies: ~90 major cities have 3+ independent sources for robust composite values; others fall back to fewer sources
- Tax calculations use standard scenarios; freelancers with complex structures (see our freelancer tax comparison across Europe), people with significant investment income, and multi-country tax situations need a tax advisor, not a calculator
Try it: ShouldIMove cost of living calculator
Numbeo
Numbeo is the most widely used crowdsourced cost-of-living database, and the tool most people start with. It's one of the four data sources that feeds into ShouldIMove's composite index. Understanding what it does well — and where it stops — is essential context for evaluating every alternative on this list.
What it does
Numbeo collects user-contributed prices for hundreds of items across 12,000+ cities worldwide: groceries, restaurants, rent, utilities, transportation, clothing, and more. It calculates composite indices (Cost of Living Index, Rent Index, Purchasing Power Index) and also aggregates quality-of-life data including crime, healthcare, traffic, and pollution ratings.
Data source and methodology
Crowdsourced — users submit prices for their city, which Numbeo aggregates into averages and indices. In major cities (Barcelona, Berlin, New York), you'll find hundreds of data points that average out well. In secondary cities, fewer contributors mean wider variance — Numbeo shows contributor counts for each data point, so you can gauge coverage yourself. The index weighting methodology is not published in full detail.
Pricing
Free for individual use. Browser-based only (no mobile app). API access requires a paid subscription.
Best for
Best for: Researchers and travelers who need raw price data across the widest possible range of cities, including secondary cities and less-visited countries that other tools don't cover.
Limitations
- No tax-adjusted net salary — Numbeo shows local salary averages and has a basic salary comparison tool, but does not calculate what you'll take home after taxes for a specific gross salary
- As a single data source, Numbeo's indices can diverge from other providers for specific cities — cross-referencing helps catch these discrepancies
- Data coverage varies by city — major cities have thousands of contributors, while smaller cities have fewer data points (Numbeo shows contributor counts so you can check)
- The "average salary" figures reflect local wages, not what a remote worker or expat would earn
Visit Numbeo — useful for raw price lookups, but for salary-adjusted comparisons with cross-validated data, use ShouldIMove.
Expatistan
Expatistan has been around since 2009, created by Gerardo Robledillo after relocating within Europe four times in six years. It remains one of the cleaner user experiences for quick city-to-city comparisons — and one of the independent data sources that feeds into ShouldIMove's composite index.
What it does
Expatistan lets you pick two cities and compare costs across six categories: food, housing, transportation, personal care, clothing, and entertainment. It expresses the difference as a percentage (e.g., "Zurich is 87% more expensive than Warsaw"), using Prague as the reference city (index value 100) for its global cost-of-living index.
Data source and methodology
Crowdsourced, similar to Numbeo — users submit prices for their city in a wiki-style model. The key difference is scope: Expatistan uses a focused standardized basket of specific products and services (e.g., a monthly transit pass, rent for a 2-bedroom furnished apartment in an expat area), compared to Numbeo's broader but more variable item set. The index is recalculated daily with current exchange rates. Coverage spans 2,000+ cities.
Pricing
Free for basic comparisons. An API is available for a fee (pricing not publicly listed; contact Expatistan).
Best for
Best for: Expats who want a quick, clean two-city comparison with itemized category breakdowns — particularly useful as a cross-reference against Numbeo to validate whether both sources agree on a city pair.
Limitations
- No salary or tax data — purely a cost-of-living tool
- Smaller city coverage (2,000+) than Numbeo (12,000+), particularly outside Europe and North America
- The percentage-based presentation is intuitive but can obscure which categories are driving the overall difference
TheLivingCost.com
TheLivingCost.com covers both country-level and city-level cost data, though its strength is in giving a quick country overview. It's a useful starting point when you're still at the "which country?" stage — and it's another independent data source in ShouldIMove's composite index.
What it does
Country profiles showing average cost-of-living data across major expense categories, with navigation between countries for quick comparisons. The interface is minimal — you get the numbers without much complexity.
Data source and methodology
A mix of crowdsourced inputs and editorial data. The methodology is not as extensively documented as Numbeo's, which makes it harder to assess reliability independently — but when LivingCost's indices agree with Numbeo and Expatistan for a given city, that triangulation increases confidence in all three sources.
Pricing
Free.
Best for
Best for: Early-stage explorers who are still deciding which country (not city) to target and want a fast country-level cost overview to narrow the shortlist.
Limitations
- City data exists but with less depth and fewer data points than Numbeo or Expatistan
- No salary or tax integration
- Methodology less documented than competitors, making it harder to assess reliability independently
For a deeper comparison of tools in this category, see our earlier post on TheLivingCost alternatives which covers six platforms including Wise and Livingcost.org.
The Economist Big Mac Index
The Big Mac Index, created by The Economist in 1986, uses the price of a McDonald's Big Mac as a proxy for purchasing power parity (PPP) between countries. It's the most famous "alternative" economic metric and has been referenced in academic papers and central bank research worldwide.
What it does
The Economist publishes Big Mac prices in local currency for approximately 70 countries, twice per year. By comparing these prices to a baseline (usually the US), the index shows whether a currency is over- or undervalued relative to the US Dollar on a purchasing power basis.
Data source and methodology
The Economist's own data collection from McDonald's locations worldwide. Simple and consistent — a Big Mac is a Big Mac, produced with similar inputs everywhere. The "Adjusted" Big Mac Index corrects for GDP per capita differences, which provides a more nuanced currency valuation.
Pricing
Free on The Economist's website. Historical data is also freely available.
Best for
Best for: Economics enthusiasts who want an intuitive introduction to purchasing power parity and currency valuation — useful for context, not for relocation math.
Limitations
- A single product comparison is a rough proxy at best — McDonald's adjusts pricing, menu, and ingredients by market
- Not designed for individual relocation decisions — it shows macroeconomic currency dynamics, not what you'll spend in daily life (for that, see our guide on the real cost of moving abroad)
- No cost-of-living breakdown, no salary data, no city-level detail
Mercer Cost of Living Survey
The Mercer Cost of Living Survey is the institutional standard for corporate HR departments managing international assignments. It's comprehensive, methodologically rigorous, and not designed for individual use.
What it does
Mercer surveys 226 cities annually and scores them on cost of living for expatriates — accommodation, transport, food, clothing, household goods, and entertainment. Companies use Mercer data to set compensation packages for employees on international assignments, ensure those employees are not disadvantaged by cost-of-living differences between their home and host countries.
Data source and methodology
Proprietary primary research with a standardized methodology across all cities. The basket of goods is defined for "expatriate standards of living" — which means it reflects higher-end accommodation and imported goods, not how a local middle-class resident lives.
Pricing
Paid — significant enterprise pricing for the full data access. A summary ranking of the most expensive cities is published free annually (useful for headlines, not for analysis).
Best for
Best for: HR professionals setting expatriate compensation packages who need the industry-standard dataset for international assignment benchmarking.
Limitations
- The "expatriate standard of living" basket overstates costs compared to integrating locally — the tool is designed for expats maintaining their lifestyle, not for people genuinely relocating
- Enterprise pricing puts the full dataset out of reach for individuals
- Annual publication means data can be 6–12 months old by the time it's used
When to Use Which Tool
The right tool depends on what question you're answering.
Use ShouldIMove. The net salary + cost of living combination in one view is the direct answer. The multi-source composite index means the cost data is cross-validated, not dependent on a single provider. Numbeo can give you the cost side; you'd have to calculate taxes separately.
Use ShouldIMove's city pages — each city shows item-level prices for 35 goods and services, cross-referenced from both Numbeo and Expatistan, so you see a verified average instead of relying on a single source. For broader item coverage beyond those 35 items, check Numbeo (12,000+ cities) or Expatistan (standardized basket) directly.
Use ShouldIMove's country comparison or TheLivingCost.com for a quick country-level sense of costs. The Big Mac Index adds a currency valuation angle if you're thinking about purchasing power.
Use Mercer. It's what HR professionals and relocation consultants use for exactly this purpose. The expense is justified by the legal and contractual accuracy required.
For most individual remote workers and expats, ShouldIMove is the best starting point. It covers the full picture in one tool: salary-adjusted comparisons with net take-home pay for 45+ countries, multi-source cost-of-living indices that cross-reference four independent data providers, and item-level prices for 35 goods and services per city. No other free tool combines all three. For a deeper look at how cost of living impacts relocation decisions or how to calculate your net salary abroad, see our dedicated guides. Try the ShouldIMove cost of living calculator — it does the multi-source comparison automatically and shows you which sources agreed and which were outliers.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is Numbeo data accurate?
Numbeo is well-established for major cities with large contributor bases. For secondary cities or countries with fewer contributors, the data has wider variance — always check the contributor count Numbeo shows for each data point. A city with 400+ contributors will give you solid averages; for cities with fewer than 20, it's worth cross-referencing with Expatistan or LivingCost. ShouldIMove does this cross-referencing automatically, flagging when sources disagree significantly.
What is the best free cost of living comparison tool?
ShouldIMove is the most complete free option: it combines multi-source cost-of-living data, net salary calculations for 45+ countries, and item-level prices in one tool. For raw price lookups across 12,000+ cities, Numbeo has the widest coverage. Both are free.
Does Numbeo include salary data?
Numbeo includes crowdsourced salary data and has a basic salary comparison tool for many cities, but it shows local salary averages — not what a specific gross salary from another country would net after destination taxes. If you have a salary negotiated in US Dollars or British Pounds, Numbeo's salary tools won't tell you your take-home pay under destination tax rules. ShouldIMove's calculator lets you input your actual gross salary and see net pay for 45+ countries. See our salary purchasing power index for a ranked comparison of cities by what your salary actually buys.
Which cost of living tool do companies use?
Large corporations managing international assignments use Mercer's Cost of Living Survey as the industry standard. Mid-sized companies often use ECA International or Airinc as alternatives. These are all paid enterprise products. For individual research or small company relocation decisions, the free tools (Numbeo, ShouldIMove, Expatistan) are appropriate.
Is Expatistan better than Numbeo?
They're complementary more than competing. Expatistan's standardized basket and two-city comparison interface make it great for focused comparisons. Numbeo has roughly 6x the city coverage (12,000+ vs 2,000+ cities) and more data points. Neither includes salary or tax data, and both are single-source tools. ShouldIMove solves all three gaps: it uses both Numbeo and Expatistan (plus LivingCost and our own SIM Price Index) in its bias-corrected composite index, adds tax-adjusted net salary calculations, and shows cross-referenced item-level prices — making it the most complete option for relocation decisions.
How often is Numbeo updated?
Numbeo data is updated continuously as users submit new prices. However, individual data points may be years old in cities with low contributor activity. The displayed "average" typically reflects contributions over a rolling window, but Numbeo doesn't publish the exact window length for all data points.
What is a multi-source composite cost-of-living index?
A composite index combines data from multiple independent providers (Numbeo, Expatistan, LivingCost, and our SIM Price Index) into a single value per city, validated against Eurostat data for EU cities. Each source's systematic bias is mathematically corrected first, then the sources are averaged. This bias-corrected approach produces more reliable cost comparisons than relying on any single source alone. ShouldIMove shows which sources contributed to each comparison and the agreement level between them.